What does 'Weight and Balance' refer to in aviation?

'Weight and Balance' in aviation primarily refers to the distribution of an aircraft's weight and how it affects performance. Proper weight distribution is crucial for ensuring that the aircraft maintains a center of gravity within specified limits, which is essential for safe handling, stability, and performance during flight. An incorrect distribution of weight can lead to adverse effects, such as difficulty in controlling the aircraft, increased stall risk, and reduced maneuverability.

While the total weight of passengers and only measuring cargo are important considerations, they are aspects of a broader concept rather than the complete definition of 'Weight and Balance.' Moreover, balance of fuel weight across the wings relates to a specific scenario within the larger context of weight and balance, but it doesn't encompass the overall significance of proper weight distribution throughout the entire aircraft. Thus, understanding 'Weight and Balance' requires a broader perspective that includes all weight factors and their interplay in aircraft performance.